Everything about The Pitch Pine totally explained
The
Pitch Pine (
Pinus rigida) is a small-to-medium sized (6-30 m)
tree, often contorted due to fire or weather. This
pine occasionally hybridizes with other pine species such as
Loblolly Pine (
P. taeda),
Shortleaf Pine (
P. echinata), and
Pond Pine (
P. serotina); the last is treated as a
subspecies of Pitch Pine by some
botanists.
The Pitch Pine is found mainly in the
northeastern United States, from
Maine and
Ohio to
Kentucky and northern
Georgia. A few stands occur in southern
Quebec and
Ontario. This pine occupies a variety of habitats from dry, acidic sandy uplands to swampy lowlands, and can survive in very poor conditions; it's the primary tree of the
New Jersey Pine Barrens.
The needles are in fascicles of three, about 6-13 cm in length, and are stout (over 1 mm broad) and often slightly twisted. The cones are 4-7 cm long and oval with prickles on the scales. The species is unusual in often having shoots (called epicormic sprouts) that can grow directly from the trunk. This is an adaptation to fire, enabling trees to re-sprout after fire has killed the crown; the thick bark protects the trunk from damage unless the fire is very severe. Burnt trees often form stunted, twisted trees with multiple trunks as a result of the resprouting.
The Pitch Pine isn't a major timber tree, due to the frequency of multiple or crooked trunks; nor is it as fast-growing as other eastern American pines. However it grows well on unfavourable sites. In the past, it was a major source of
pitch and timber for ship building, mine timbers, and railroad ties, because the wood's high resin content preserves it from decay. The
wood of Pitch Pine was also used for building radio towers in Germany as at
Muehlacker and at
Ismaning. Nowadays Pitch Pine is used mainly for rough construction, pulp, crating, and fuel.
Further Information
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